A new study jointly conducted by Ahmedabad’s Physical Research Laboratory and Delhi Technological University (DTU) reveals that pedestrians in Delhi are exposed to staggering levels of harmful nanoparticles.
Walking, often touted as one of the simplest ways to stay fit, has turned into a risky endeavor for Delhiites. A new study jointly conducted by Ahmedabad’s Physical Research Laboratory and Delhi Technological University (DTU) reveals that pedestrians in Delhi are exposed to staggering levels of harmful nanoparticles. These tiny particles, originating primarily from vehicle combustion engines, measure less than a millimeter in radius and can easily penetrate deep into the lungs, posing severe health risks.
On average, residents—especially those walking near traffic—inhale between 10 to 18 million nanoparticles daily. The study identifies these ultrafine particles, classified as PM1, as a significant component of Delhi’s air pollution, making up 60-80% of airborne particle concentration.
RELEVANT SUSTAINABLE GOALS
Close Proximity to Roads Worsens the Risk
The research found that areas near busy roads have PM1 concentrations 30% higher than locations further away. People who spend extended periods near traffic—police officers, street vendors, delivery workers, and urban poor communities—are particularly vulnerable. The findings highlight that nanoparticles not only lodge deep in the alveolar region of the lungs but can also enter the bloodstream and even reach the brain
PM1 particles have been linked to severe cardiovascular issues and respiratory ailments. Their ability to infiltrate vital organs amplifies the need for urgent intervention. Scholars leading the study, including DTU’s Associate Professor Rajeev Kumar Mishra and research scholar Kanagaraj Rajagopal, along with S. Ramachandran from the Physical Research Laboratory, used advanced computerized models to trace the path of these particles once inhaled. The findings underscore the far-reaching health consequences of prolonged exposure to such pollutants.
During the COVID-19 lockdown, Delhi saw a significant drop in nanoparticle emissions as vehicle usage plummeted by 50%. This period offered a glimpse of what reduced traffic could achieve in mitigating air pollution. However, current levels of vehicle emissions far exceed those observed during the pandemic, necessitating swift policy interventions.
Mitigating The Nanoparticle Crisis
While wearing masks offers limited protection against nanoparticles, reducing their emission at the source remains crucial. Policy changes aimed at cleaner engine technologies, stricter vehicle emission standards, and evidence-based urban planning could help curb exposure to these harmful particles. Promoting alternative transport options and increasing green cover near urban roads might also contribute to a healthier environment for pedestrians and residents alike.
As Delhi grapples with its severe air quality challenges, this study serves as a wake-up call for policymakers and citizens. Protecting pedestrians and vulnerable populations requires immediate action, both to reduce emissions and to explore innovative strategies for mitigating the health impacts of nanoparticles. Walking should not be a risk to health—it’s time to clear the air and reclaim the streets for safe and sustainable living.
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