Negotiators at the COP16 nature summit have weakened a draft decision on climate change and biodiversity, after removing a mention of the global commitment to “transition away” from fossil fuels agreed at last year’s COP28 climate summit in Dubai.

At the nature COP, countries are expected to produce a text that aligns the priorities of the UN conventions on climate change and biodiversity. Campaigners told Climate Home News that leaving out a stronger mention to fossil fuels was a “missed opportunity”.

In a draft published last week, Colombia proposed using the same fossil fuel language as agreed at COP28. Their proposed paragraph said that the biodiversity goals “will not be possible” to achieve without “transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems.”

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But the current draft agreement, released late last week, was significantly weakened. Colombia’s suggestion and all mentions of fossil fuels were deleted. Observers told Climate Home that facilitators – Sweden and China – removed the proposal without much opposition at a behind-closed-doors negotiating session last week.

Governments have struggled to include the COP28 fossil fuel pledge in other agreements this year. It barely made it into a United Nations-led “pact for the future” and reports suggested it also struggled to make it into the G20 ministerial statement. In January, Saudi Arabia’s energy minister claimed the pledge is optional.

Weakened text

Alex Rafalowicz is the director of the Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty Initiative and had access to closed negotiations. He told Climate Home that the chairs of the contact group – Sweden and China – removed fossil fuels from the text during last week’s negotiations.

“The co-chairs never gave space for an open discussion [on the fossil fuels transition]. There was no actual discusssion on it and when [the draft] was presented it wasn’t there,” Rafalowicz said.

He said that, after the text was removed last week, the Philippines raised questions about the proposal in a new closed negotiation held on Monday. But the co-chairs denied discussions again, the campaigner added.

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Colombia’s environment minister and COP16 president, Susana Muhamad, lamented that fossil fuels had not been a major negotiating issue at the biodiversity summit, with talks only on how to “create synergies” between the two UN conventions.

“My personal opinion is that I would wish that this was a stronger topic. It’s not that strong here at the negotiations. But the political message has been strong,” the COP16 president said.

The draft also includes a call for countries to prevent adverse impacts on biodiversity from responses to climate change such as the expansion of renewable energy. Additionally, it calls on countries to prevent double-counting of biodiversity and climate finance.

Bruna Campos is a senior campaigner at the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL). She said countries had been “deliberately deleting any mention of transitioning out from fossil fuels” and added it was “disappointing” given the impact of fossil fuels on biodiversity.